Genetic Counseling
Initial evaluation of family history and selection of the appropriate PGT type.
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
Genomic Precision at Gynatal Timișoara
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a set of advanced laboratory techniques used to screen embryos for chromosomal or genetic abnormalities before transfer. At Gynatal Clinic (Timișoara), we utilize Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) PGT significantly increases implantation rates to over 60–70% and reduces the risk of miscarriage.
Understanding the Three Pillars of PGT
We categorize genetic testing based on the specific reproductive risk identified during the Genetic Counseling phase:
1. PGT-A (Screening for Aneuploidies)
This is a general screening of all 24 chromosomes to identify embryos with the correct number (euploid). It is essential for managing age-related fertility decline, where chromosomal errors (aneuploidies) are the leading cause of implantation failure.
2. PGT-M (For Monogenic Diseases)
Targeted testing used when one or both partners are carriers of a specific single-gene mutation, such as Cystic Fibrosis, Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), or Huntington’s Disease. It ensures only unaffected embryos are selected for transfer.
3. PGT-SR (For Structural Rearrangements)
Recommended for couples where a parent carries a balanced translocation or inversion. This testing identifies embryos with unbalanced chromosomal structures that would otherwise result in miscarriage.
The Gynatal Step-by-Step Journey
To reduce patient anxiety, we provide a structured roadmap for the PGT process:
IVF and Extended Culture
Embryos are grown to the blastocyst stage (Day 5 or 6), where they consist of 100–150 cells and have higher implantation potential.
Genomic Analysis
Utilizing Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to read the genetic code with maximum precision.
Vitrification (Safe Freezing)
Embryos are vitrifiedusing validated protocols with excellent post-warming survival rates
Personalized FET
When applicable, a chromosimally normal embryo is selected for transfer during an optimized Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET).
Clinical Indications: Who Benefits Most?
Data suggests that PGT is not a universal requirement but is highly beneficial for:
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Advanced Maternal Age (>35-37): To mitigate the natural decline in oocyte quality.
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Repeated Implantation Failure (RIF): After two or more unsuccessful transfers.
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Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Identifying "invisible" chromosomal factors behind consecutive miscarriages.
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Severe Male Factor: Where sperm parameters are significantly compromised.
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Previous embryo aneuploidy / known chromosomal rearrangements
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Does PGT guarantee a pregnancy?
While PGT cannot guarantee a successful pregnancy, it can significantly increase the likelihood of achieving a healthy live birth per embryo transfer and may reduce the risk of miscarriage associated with chromosomal abnormalities.
If I undergo PGT, will I still need prenatal testing during pregnancy?
Yes. Although PGT provides valuable information about the genetic status of embryos before transfer, routine prenatal screening, pregnancy monitoring, and any recommended diagnostic tests remain important throughout pregnancy.